Figure 4: Color-coded animation displaying the last 2 weeks of the daily sea ice concentrations in the Northern Hemisphere. It was already normal, historically, for summertime sea ice to melt back nearly to the Antarctic coastline, leaving large expanses of the Southern Ocean exposed to heating from the summer sun. While fearmongering has made its way around the world countless times, the truth is still pulling on its boots. Sea ice in the Antarctic showed a slight increase in overall extent from 1979 to 2014, although some areas, such as that to the west of the Antarctic Peninsula experienced a decrease. SAM also has a relationship with the Amundsen Sea Low, which exerts a complex influence on sea ice transport on the western side of the Antarctic Peninsula. The lakes grow and shrink beneath the ice. The Arctic Climate System provides a comprehensive and accessible overview of the subject for researchers and advanced students in a wide range of disciplines. ICE IN ANTARCTIC REPORTED ON RISE; Sheet Growing at Rate of 293 Cubic Miles Yearly, Soviet Expert Says I.G.Y. But the summary condition of polar ice: Melting. The magenta line shows the 1981 to 2010 average extent for that month. The Antarctic is a continent surrounded by a vast ocean. Sea ice waxes and wanes with the seasons, but minimum and maximum extents rarely match from year to year; over years and decades, summer and winter extents vary. When the ice is gone, ocean waves can flex the shelf and make it more vulnerable to disintegration. GREENVILLE, N.C. (WITN) - Recent data gathered by a European research team has shown the Antarctic ice sheet is more unstable than previously thought. Figure 6: Color-coded map of the daily sea ice concentration in the Southern Hemisphere for the indicated recent date along with the contours of the 15% edge during the years with the least extent of ice (in red) and the greatest extent of ice (in yellow) during the period from November 1978 to the present. Found inside – Page 236532-2021 Historical nutrient enrichment of Lake Ontarlo : Paleolimnological evidence . Schelske , C.L. ( Dep . Fish . Aquacult . , Univ . ... In addition , there is a variability in the ice growth rate on horizontal scales of 0.1 to 1 ... The 2020 minimum extent (February 20–21, 2020) was below the 1981–2010 climatological average but well above the record low recorded in 2017. Based on satellite data, extent is the total area where the ice concentration is 15 percent or higher. DAVID NIELD. Photo courtesy NASA Earth Observatory. A new study from the University of New South Wales shows historical patterns of rapid ice loss in the Antarctic ice … State of the Cryosphere: Ice Shelves, National Snow and Ice Data Center. On average, about 40 percent of the Arctic Ocean’s winter ice cover remains at the summer minimum, whereas in the Southern Ocean only about 15 percent does. The different shades of gray over land indicate the land elevation with the lightest gray being the highest elevation. Most of the summer sea ice stays in the Weddell Sea, where it is relatively protected from the ocean … What’s going on in the Arctic is quite different because it’s mainly ocean. Sea ice can expand freely across the Southern Ocean in winter, but it can get no closer to the South Pole than the Antarctic coastline will allow. In the past decade, the February summer minimum has been extremely variable, hitting both near-record highs and record lows. By Stephanie Pappas 13 July 2021. And what does that mean for global sea-level rise? The extents in km2 for the current and for the years of minimum and maximum extents are provided below the image. Found insideOne possible climate-change tipping point (Figure 19.9) that concerns scientists is the complete melting of floating summer Arctic sea ice. If the current trend continues, summer floating Arctic ice may be gone by 2050, according to the ... Unlike the Arctic, where sea ice extent is declining in all areas in all seasons, Antarctic trends are less apparent. Read their blog ... Icelights: Answers to your burning questions about ice and climate. Researchers recently found soot preserved in Antarctic ice that they have linked to fires set in New Zealand by Māori settlers, the islands’ first human inhabitants. In the darkness, plagued by a mysterious illness and besieged by monotony, they descended into madness. In Madhouse at the End of the Earth, Julian Sancton unfolds an epic story of adventure and horror for the ages. NOAA Climate.gov map, based on forecast data from NOAA CPC. So overall, average Antarctic ice thickness is much lower than Arctic sea ice. A satellite-based data record starting in late 1978 shows that indeed rapid changes have been occurring in the Arctic, where the ice coverage has been declining at a substantial rate. The brighter the ice, the more it has been compacted by wind and waves. In 2019, both the minimum and maximum extents fell below the 1981–2010 average, but neither was a record low for that time of year. Very Soon. The sea ice satellite record dates back to October 25, 1978. The eastern Ross Sea region has shown a modest increase in ice extent over the same period. As the ice-and-snow rubble known as mélange melts in Antarctica’s ice shelves, rifts can grow and icebergs break off even in the brutal cold of winter. Observations show that ice extent in the Antarctic has been growing slightly, reports The Global Warming Policy Forum (GWPF). Huge Atmospheric Rivers Could Quicken Antarctic Ice Melt Some of the big storms actually bring more snow, but others cause major melting … The National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) is part of the Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences at the University of Colorado Boulder. We now know that fossils are, in fact, abundant in Antarctica, and the most common are of wood and leaves. NSIDC is part of the Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES) at the University of Colorado Boulder. Sea ice at the South Pole has rebounded in 2020 and 2021, to the levels of some 3-decades ago. No such polar amplification effect has occurred on a large scale in the Southern Hemisphere, however. Arup exhibits ice cores from before the industrial revolution. As it does in the Arctic, the surface of the ocean around Antarctica freezes over in the winter and melts back each summer. The heavy snow burden can depress ice floes, and seawater can subsequently flood those floes. The Antarctic ice sheet's mass has changed over the last decades. Unlike the Arctic, the Antarctic typically holds on to very little sea ice in the summer. Starting in 2016, Antarctica sea ice extent was mostly below the 1981–2010 average. Here's another reminder of the precarious position that the world's climate and ecosystems are in: a new study estimates that global warming could push the Antarctic ice sheet past a tipping point in as little as 10 years. Icy areas absorb less solar energy and remain relatively cool. The NSIDC Arctic Sea Ice News & Analysis is supported in part by NASA. The different shades of gray over land indicate the land elevation with the lightest gray being the highest elevation. Land-sea configurations affect sea ice extents not only by limiting where ice can form, but also by introducing their own effects. Depending on how much an ice shelf disintegrates, the glacier feeding it may accelerate into the ocean. Each year Antarctic sea ice takes seven months to grow and five months to melt, with most melt occurring in just a couple of months. Scientists have been watching this feedback loop of war… These images, created from GRACE and GRACE-FO data, show changes in Antarctic ice mass since 2002. Fossil forests under Antarctic ice. Warming Events Could Destabilize The Antarctic Ice Sheet Soon. “Every published projection of sea-level rise due to melting of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet that has been based on climate modeling, whether the projection extends to the end of this century or longer into the future, is going to have to be revised upward because of their work,” said Jerry X. Mitrovica, the Frank B. Baird Jr. The Antarctic covers approximately 20 percent of the Southern Hemisphere. The Antarctic continent is surrounded by seasonal, floating sea ice. However, snowfall often thickens Antarctic sea ice. Photo captured by the DMS camera on the first flight of NASA’s Operation Ice Bridge Campaign. Based on satellite data, extent is the total area where the ice concentration is 15 percent or higher. We can put away the snorkels, SCUBA suits, and extremely long straws the Antarctic isn’t going to melt and drown us all. Warmer conditions on land affect the nearby ocean, and more sea ice melts as a result. Antarctic sea ice has declined rapidly since 2014, after almost four decades of growth, according to a new study that looked at 40 years of satellite data. The story of how scientists reached that conclusion—by way of unexpected twists and turns—was the story Spencer Weart told in The Discovery of Global Warming. While Antarctica's sea ice is growing somewhat, the Arctic and the world's glaciers are disappearing at … Moreover, the trend of the past 40+ years (the satellite era) remains one of significant growth (of approx 1% per decade). The years 2012, 2013, and 2014 brought record highs; 2017 and 2018 brought record lows. Models solve mystery, but suggest South Pole sea ice melt will soon accelerate. In the Arctic, landmasses surround and influence the sea ice in the Arctic Ocean. This recent shift does not necessarily signify a change in the long-term trend. More information: Michael E. Weber et al, Decadal-scale onset and termination of Antarctic ice-mass loss during the last deglaciation, Nature Communications (2021).DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27053-6 The darker the color, the stronger the chance of that outcome (not the bigger the departure from average). In a new preface, the author weighs in on whether our understanding of global climate change has altered in the years since the book was first published, what the latest research tells us, and what he is working on next. In the past decade, the February summer minimum has been extremely variable, hitting both near-record highs and record lows. Sea ice in the Southern Ocean defies predictions. Changes in the ice surface of the Amery Ice Shelf in Antarctica reveal the … The Fifth Assessment Report of the IPCC is the standard scientific reference on climate change for students, researchers and policy makers. Accessed April 7, 2020. The cryosphere encompasses all regions of the planet that experiences water in ice form for some portion of the year. In this book, authors Melody Sandells and Daniela Flocco deliver an introduction to the physics of the cryosphere. Click here to sign up for the TestTube Newsletter. The detailed view shows the new rift growing away from an area known as the McDonald Ice Rumples. SAM is influenced by El Niño-Southern Oscillation conditions, so it is partly driven by natural oscillations. Giant crack frees a massive iceberg in Antarctica. Antarctica’s Ice Shelves May Be at Growing Risk of Collapse. From 1979–2017, Antarctic-wide sea ice extent showed a slightly positive trend overall, although some regions experienced declines. The world is losing ice overall. Arctic sea ice extent—the area where ice concentration is at least 15 percent—reached its apparent annual maximum on March 5, 2020. (Meanwhile, the Antarctic ice sheets are losing mass.). Sea Ice Index, National Snow and Ice Data Center. What was going on? Brave New Arctic is Mark Serreze's riveting firsthand account of how scientists from around the globe came together to find answers. Natural variability in the Southern Ocean and in atmospheric circulation patterns exert a much bigger influence on Antarctic sea ice extent than does climate change. Why Antarctic Sea Ice Is Growing in a Warmer World. The different shades of gray over land indicate the land elevation with the lightest gray being the highest elevation. Researchers at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California and the University of California, Irvine, have discovered an ice process that may have caused a Delaware-size iceberg to break off … Oct 13, 2021. The United States has enduring national and strategic interests in the polar regions, including citizens living above the Arctic circle and three year-round scientific stations in the Antarctic. Antarctic sea ice extends to about 7 million square miles in winter, versus 6 million square miles in the Arctic; the Antarctic summer minimum is about 1 million square miles versus 2.5 million square miles for the Arctic. The vast East Antarctic Ice Sheet -- a 2-mile-thick wasteland larger than Australia, drier than the Sahara and as cold as a Martian spring -- increased in … Arctic sea ice has likely reached its maximum extent for the year, at 14.77 million square kilometers (5.70 million square miles) on March 21, 2021, according to scientists at the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) at the University of Colorado Boulder. Whether the increase was a sign of meaningful change is uncertain because ice extents vary considerably from year to year around Antarctica. This 2016 photo shows a rift that, within a few months, widened even farther and released a Delaware-size iceberg from Antarctica’s Larsen C ice shelf. by Alex Newman Skip to content November 17, 2021 In the last decade, Antarctic sea ice has experienced both its highest and lowest extents in the satellite record. J. C. Comiso, C. L. Parkinson, T. Markus, D. J. Cavalieri and R. Gersten. Compared to the Arctic, Antarctic sea ice shows less variability in summer, and more variability in winter. Sea ice spreads over vast areas and has major impacts on the rest of the climate system, reflecting solar radiation and restricting ocean/atmosphere exchanges. According to new NASA research, from 1992 to … Research based on satellite data indicates that between 2002 and 2020, Antarctica shed an average of 149 billion metric tons of ice per year, adding to global sea level rise. Found inside – Page 46environmental change since the Late Cretaceous, shedding light on the early history of the Cenozoic Antarctic ice ... growing from alpine to ice caps with timing unknown but predating the first continental ice sheets 34 Ma ago (Bo et ... As a result, Antarctic sea ice is relatively thin, often 1 meter (about 3 feet) or less. By Seeker. https://skepticalscience.com/antarctica-gaining-ice-intermediate.htm This synthesis book was coordinated within the Pacific Arctic Group, a network of international partners working in the Pacific Arctic. ‘Antarctic ice is growing’–Well, probably not, but even if it were, we are not off the hook (Part of the How to Talk to a Global Warming Skeptic guide). Subsequent measurements of temperatures in a borehole at the center of the West Antarctic ice sheet, by Orsi and others, found even larger positive trends than Steig et al. By Carol Rasmussen, Jet Propulsion Laboratory on Oct 24, 2021. Found insideBut it didn't happen, and it still is not happening, and we are no way anywhere close to it! The climate is warming, and people also nicely ignore the fact that, while they claim that the Arctic ice cap is growing smaller from melted ... Sea ice surrounding Antarctica reached a new record high extent this year, covering more of the southern oceans than it has since scientists began a long-term satellite record to map sea ice extent in the late 1970s. Weather events often drive variability, but have different effects in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. Please note that the Arctic sea ice extent number is preliminary—continued winter conditions could still push the ice extent higher. Changes in the ice surface of the Amery Ice Shelf in Antarctica reveal the … Scientists blog from Antarctica and provide a glimpse of what it's like to do research in the field. The Pacific Northwest produces some of the most distinctive and variable weather in North America, which is described with colorful and evocative language in this book. According to the new analysis of satellite data, the Antarctic ice sheet showed a net gain of 112 billion tons of ice a year from 1992 to 2001. Map by NOAA Climate.gov, based on satellite data provided by National Snow and Ice Data Center. Antarctica is surrounded by ocean, not a land surface that is losing its reflective snow and ice cover in the spring and summer. The dashed vertical line indicates the date of the latest plotted and mapped data. Paul Holland, a climate modeler with the British Antarctic Survey, has spent the last ten years studying Antarctica’s sea ice and the Southern Ocean. Because it forms at lower, warmer latitudes, less Antarctic sea ice survives the summer. Midway through 2015, Antarctic sea ice was exhibiting values closer to the 1981–2010 average. The Southern Ocean is vast, a fact often underplayed in map projections focused on the Northern Hemisphere. These images use data from the AMSR-E/AMSR2 Unified Level-3 12.5 km product. 25, 2021 at 9:19 AM PDT. The rough surface of ice mélange is visible on one side of the rift. Sea ice forms over the North Pole itself—the hemisphere’s coldest latitudes—but its expansion is checked by Eurasia, North America, and Greenland. https://electroverse.net/antarctic-sea-ice-extent-largest-since-2015-and- Suomi NPP satellite images from Worldview. NOAA Climate.gov image, based on data from the National Snow and Ice Data Center. Found inside – Page 2013published: 03 February 2021 doi: 10.3389/fmars.2020.592337 A Multi-Sensor and Modeling Approach for Mapping Light Under Sea Ice During the Ice-Growth Season Julienne Stroeve1,2,3*, Martin Vancoppenolle4, Gaelle Veyssiere2,5, ...

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